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Table 7 Diagnostic and surgical techniques for liver hematoma/rupture compared for two periods

From: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy complicated by liver rupture or hematoma: a systematic review of 391 reported cases

Variable 

Period (y)

N (%)

χ2

P

Diagnostic techniques

Laparotomy

≤ 1990 

46 (62.2)

4.152

0.042

 

> 1990 

151 (49.0)

  

US

≤ 1990 

4 (5.4)

11.413

0.001

 

> 1990 

70 (22.7)

  

CT

≤ 1990 

11 (14.9)

0.130

0.719

 

> 1990 

41 (13.3)

  

US/CT

≤ 1990 

1 (1.4)

8.078

0.005

 

> 1990 

39 (12.7)

  

Autopsy

≤ 1990 

12 (16.2)

24.239

< 0.001

 

> 1990 

7 (2.3)

  

Surgical techniques

Laparotomy 

≤ 1990 

54 (71.1) 

0.585

0.444 

 

> 1990 

229 (75.3) 

  

Liver packing 

≤ 1990 

33 (44.0) 

5.801

0.016 

 

> 1990 

180 (59.4) 

  

Hepatic artery ligation 

≤ 1990 

3 (4.0) 

0.712 

0.399 

 

> 1990 

20 (6.6) 

  

Liver embolization 

≤ 1990 

6 (8.0) 

0.059 

0.808 

 

> 1990 

27 (8.9) 

  

Liver resection 

≤ 1990 

5 (6.7) 

4.673 

0.031 

 

> 1990 

6 (2.0) 

  

Hepatorrhaphy/omentoplasty 

≤ 1990 

17 (22.7) 

5.860 

0.015 

 

> 1990 

36 (11.8) 

  

Liver transplantation 

≤ 1990 

3.586

0.058

 

> 1990 

14 (4.6) 

  
  1. US—ultrasound; CT—computed tomography; χ2—chi-square; P—statistical probability; y—year