Sex | Institution | Position | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male, N = 356a | Female, N = 89a | p valueb | Academic, N = 339a | Non-academic, N = 111a | P valueb | Division chief or head, N = 74a | Senior or consultant, N = 180a | Board-certified surgeon, N = 123a | Resident, N = 73a | P valuec | |
Familiarity | 241 (68%) | 64 (72%) | 0.4 | 237 (70%) | 69 (62%) | 0.13 | 54 (73%) | 129 (72%) | 72 (59%) | 51 (70%) | 0.068 |
Acceptance | 3.88 (0.72) | 4.08 (0.57) | 0.019 | 3.95 (0.69) | 3.81 (0.74) | 0.051 | 3.95 (0.74) | 3.97 (0.67) | 3.91 (0.76) | 3.74 (0.63) | 0.026 |
Habits | 2.97 (0.90) | 2.81 (0.76) | 0.2 | 2.97 (0.90) | 2.83 (0.82) | 0.12 | 3.05 (0.95) | 2.98 (0.87) | 2.92 (0.90) | 2.74 (0.78) | 0.12 |
Measures | 0.48 (0.29) | 0.51 (0.30) | 0.4 | 0.49 (0.30) | 0.47 (0.29) | 0.6 | 0.47 (0.28) | 0.52 (0.29) | 0.46 (0.32) | 0.48 (0.29) | 0.2 |
Promotion | 3.80 (0.78) | 3.76 (0.86) | > 0.9 | 3.85 (0.76) | 3.60 (0.89) | 0.008 | 4.02 (0.78) | 3.83 (0.74) | 3.74 (0.87) | 3.51 (0.79) | < 0.001 |
Aims | 3.79 (0.87) | 3.72 (0.93) | 0.6 | 3.83 (0.86) | 3.57 (0.97) | 0.012 | 3.99 (0.81) | 3.99 (0.93) | 3.71 (0.91) | 3.57 (0.80) | 0.013 |