Table 1 Etiology of Portal Vein Thrombosis (modified from Sobhonslidsuk A.) [4]
Thrombophilic Disorders | Local factors |
|---|---|
Inherited disorders | Infections/inflammation |
High risk of thrombosis (low prevalence): | Neonatal omphalitis |
Antithrombin III deficit | Appendicitis |
Protein C deficit | Diverticulitis |
Protein S deficit | Pancreatitis |
Cholecystitis | |
Low risk of thrombosis (high prevalence): | Perforated peptic ulcer |
Leiden V factor mutation | Tuberculous lymphadenitis |
Factor II mutation | |
Acquired disorders | Portal vein injury |
Malignancy | Surgical shunts |
Myeloproliferative disorders | Splenectomy |
Use of oral contraceptives | Abdominal surgery |
Antiphospholipid syndrome | Liver transplants |
Pregnancy and postpartum | Blunt trauma |
Paroxysmal nocturnal | |
hemoglobinuria | |
Mixed disorders | Cancer of the abdominal organs Cirrhosis |
Hyperhomocysteinemia |