Fig. 2

Blood IL-6 levels on emergency department arrival. Panel a. Twenty-eight-day mortality. The patients who died within 28 days had significantly higher blood IL-6 levels than the patients who survived (P = 0.021). Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean. P values were calculated by using the Mann–Whitney U test. Panel b. Probability of survival according to trauma and injury severity score. The patients who had lower probability of survival according to Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) had higher blood IL-6 levels on emergency department arrival (low vs. middle vs. high, P < 0.0001; low vs. middle, P < 0.05; low vs. high, P < 0.0001; middle vs. high, P < 0.001). Probability of survival in tertiles (median [interquartile range]): low tertile group (0.859 [0.652–0.924]), middle tertile group (0.983 [0.969–0.991]), and high tertile group (0.997 [0.996–0.997]). Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean. P values were calculated by using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison test