Ex-vivo and live animal models are equally effective training for the management of a penetrating cardiac injury

Table 7 Confidence level comparing pre-training, post-training and post-evaluation

Study group (n = number of participants)	Pre-training	Post-training	Post-evaluation
Study group (n = number of participants)	(n = 31)	(n = 31)	(n = 31)
Ex-vivo	1.7 (0.8)	3.2 (1.0), p = 0.00	3.7 (0.9), p = 0.00
Live tissue	1.9 (1.0)	3.7 (0.7), p = 0.00, p** < .05	3.8 (0.7), p = 0.00

Scores shown are mean (Standard Deviation), using a 5-point Likert scale (range 1–5). P-values shown are comparison with the pre-training questionnaire for each of the two study groups, while p** compares the live tissue and ex-vivo group for the post-training evaluation (Wilcoxon signed-rank test)

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