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Table 5 Classification of complications that occurred within 30 days from surgery according to the Clavien-Dindo classification and their treatment
| Clavien-Dindo classification | LC (n = 289) | Conversion (n = 84) | Total (n = 373) | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade I-II | 24 (8.3%) | 15 (17.9%) | 39 (10.5%) | |
| Infections | Antimicrobial medication | |||
| Pneumonia | 8 | 4 | 12 | |
| Superficial SSI | 4 | 2 | 6a | |
| Urinary tract infection | 1 | 1 | ||
| Other infection | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| Arrhythmias | 4 | 4 | Antiarrhythmic medication | |
| High blood pressure | 2 | 2 | Blood pressure medication | |
| Perioperative MI | 2 | 2 | Medication | |
| Respiratory insufficiency | 1 | 1 | 2 | Medication |
| Congestion | 1 | 1 | 2 | Medication |
| Urinary retention | 1 | 1 | Catheterisation | |
| Postoperative delirium | 1 | 1 | Medication | |
| Nausea | 1 | 1 | Antiemetic medication | |
| Perihepatic hematoma | 1 | 1 | Follow-up | |
| Wound hematoma | 1 | 1 | Change of dressings | |
| Grade III a-b | 13 (4.5%) | 7 (8.3%) | 20 (5.4%) | |
| Common bile duct stone | 5 | 5 | ERCP | |
| Surgical site effusion | 4 | 4 | Drainage | |
| Bile leak | 3 | 3a | ERCP, stenting | |
| Deep SSI; abscess | 2 | 1 | 3 | Drainage |
| Wound dehiscence | 2 | 2 | Re-suturation | |
| Bleeding from urinary catheter | 1 | 1 | Bladder washout | |
| Intra-abdominal bleeding | 1 | 1 | Laparotomy | |
| Pneumonia; pleural effusion | 1 | 1 | Thoracocentesis | |
| Grade IV a-b | 2 (0.7%) | 1 (1.2%) | 3 (0.8%) | |
| Respiratory failure | 2 | 1 | 3 | Intubation, CPAP |
| Grade V | 3 (1.0%) | 2 (2.4%) | 5 (1.3%) | |
| Sepsis | 1 | 1 | ||
| Pneumonia | 1 | 1 | ||
| Heart failure | 1 | 1 | ||
| Anoxic brain injury during induction of anaesthesia | 1 | 1 | ||
| Renal failure | 1 | 1 | ||
| Total | 42 (14.5%) | 25 (29.8%) | 67 (18.0%) |
