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Table 1 Characteristics of participants

From: A meta-analysis of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) or open aortic cross-clamping by resuscitative thoracotomy in non-compressible torso hemorrhage patients

 

DuBose 2016

Abe 2016

Aso 2017 a

REBOA (n = 46)

RT (n = 68)

REBOA (n = 636)

RT (n = 267)

REBOA (n = 191)

RT (n = 68)

Age a

43.2 (19.6) b

39.2 (16.7) b

52.5 (21.2) b

56.7 (21.1) b

15–49 years = 75

15–49 years = 26

50–79 years = 95

50–79 years = 35

≥80 years = 21

≥80 years = 7

Gender (male), n (%)

32 (69.6%)

60 (88.2%)

417 (66%)

194 (73%)

114 (59.7%)

44 (64.7%)

SBP

23 (105) c

0(80) c

89 (46) c

87 (45) c

NR

NR

Hypotension (SBP <90), n (%)

21 (45.6%)

47 (69.1%)

NR

NR

NR

NR

Trauma mechanism

 Blunt, n (%)

35 (76.1%)

36 (53.9%)

591 (93%)

247 (93%)

NR

NR

 Penetrating, n (%)

11 (23.9%)

32 (47.1%)

45 (7%)

20 (7%)

NR

NR

Cardiac arrest on admission, n (%)

16 (34.8%)

35 (51.5%)

212 (33%)

216 (81%)

42 (22%)

42 (61%)

TRISS (PS)

NR

NR

0.43 (0.36) b

0.27 (0.30) b

NR

NR

Injury severity

 ISS

31 (30) c

31.5 (22) c

34 (25) c

34 (20) c

NR

NR

 Head AIS

2.0 (5) b

1.5 (4) b

3.6 (1.2) b

3.3 (1.1) b

NR

NR

 Chest AIS

1.0 (4) b

3.0 (4) b

3.8 (0.9) b

4.3 (1.1) b

NR

NR

 Abdomen AIS

2.5 (3) b

2.0 (5) b

3.6 (1.1) b

3.8 (1.5) b

NR

NR

Procedures

 Laparotomy, n (%)

25 (54.3%)

40 (58.8%)

301 (47%)

99 (37%)

17 (8.9%)

12 (17.6%)

 Embolization, n (%)

3 (6.5%)

3 (4.4%)

153 (24%)

18 (6.7%)

76 (39.8%)

18 (26.5%)

 Surgery for liver injury, n (%)

7 (15%)

16 (23%)

NR

NR

14 (7.3%)

5 (7.4%)

 Spleen resection, n (%)

4 (8.7%)

7 (10.3%)

NR

NR

18 (9.4%)

9 (13.2%)

 Operative procedures for pelvic fractures

PP 3 (6.5%); PB 4 (8.7%); PEF 3 (6.5%)

PP 10 (14.7%); PB 4 (5.9%); PEF 0 (0%)

NR

NR

OS 15 (7.9%); CS 4 (2.1%)

OS 7 (10.3%); CS 3 (4.4%)

In-hospital mortality, n (%)

33 (71.7%)

57 (83.8%)

405 (67%)

210 (90%)

90 (47.1%)

48 (70.6%)

Adjusted measures of association for mortality (REBOA vs. thoracotomy) d

OR 0.263 (95% CI 0.043–1.609) e

OR 0.261 (95% CI 0.130–0.523) f

HR 0.94 (95% CI 0.60–1.48) g

  1. SBP systolic blood pressure, NR not reported, PS probability of survival, ISS Injury Severity Score, AIS Abbreviate Injury Score, PP pelvic packing, PB pelvic binder, PEF pelvic external fixation, OS open surgery, CS closed surgery, OR odds ratio, HR hazard ratio
  2. Adjusted by:
  3. aPatients were categorized in age groups
  4. bMean (SD)
  5. cMedian (IQR)
  6. dAs reported in studies
  7. eNot reported
  8. fPropensity Score Matching by age, gender, mechanism of injury, cause of injury, transport type, pre-hospital treatment, vital signs at emergency department, and injury severity score
  9. gPropensity Score Matching by age, sex, body mass index, etiology, Japanese coma scale, presence of head injury, presence of cardiopulmonary arrest on admission, TMPM (Trauma Mortality Prediction Model), and annual number of patients receiving resuscitative thoracotomy (RT) at each hospital
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World Journal of Emergency Surgery

ISSN: 1749-7922