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Table 1 Description of patients’ characteristics in appendicitis and non-appendicitis groups

From: Developing and validating of Ramathibodi Appendicitis Score (RAMA-AS) for diagnosis of appendicitis in suspected appendicitis patients

Characteristics

Non-appendicitis

n = 155

Appendicitis

n = 241

OR (95% CI)

p value

Demographic

 Age (year), mean (SD)

33.8 (11.9)

37.9 (15.9)

 

< 0.001

Age group

  < 40

99 (63.9)

140 (58.1)

1

0.251

  ≥ 40

56 (36.1)

101 (41.9)

1.3(0.8–1.9)

 

Sex, number, (%)

 Male

39 (25.2)

93 (38.6)

1.9(1.2–2.9)

< 0.001

 Female

116 (74.8)

148 (61.4)

1

 

BMI, mean (SD)

22.4 (3.9)

22.95 (4.7)

 

0.230

Symptoms

First location of pain

 Epigastrium

40 (25.8)

102 (42.3)

2.2(1.4–3.4)

< 0.001

 Periumbilical

24 (15.5)

31 (12.9)

1.1(0.6–1.9)

 

 Other

91 (58.7)

108 (44.8)

1

 

Type of pain

 Dull aching, constant

49 (31.6)

82 (34.0)

1.1(0.7–1.7)

0.620

 Colicky

106 (68.4)

159 (65.9)

1

 

Migration of pain

 Absence

108 (69.7)

111 (46.1)

1

< 0.001

 Presence

47 (30.3)

130 (53.9)

2.7(1.8–4.1)

 

Onset

 Insidious

120 (77.4)

146 (60.6)

1

< 0.001

 Sudden

35 (22.6)

95 (39.4)

2.2(1.4–3.5)

 

Progression of pain

 Yes

113 (72.9)

223 (92.5)

4.6(2.5–8.4)

 

 No

42 (27.1)

18 (7.5)

1

< 0.001

Right lower quadrant pain at presentation

 Yes

140 (90.3)

239 (99.2)

12.8(2.9–56.8)

 

 No

15 (9.7)

2 (0.8)

1

< 0.001

Time of pain before presentation (hours)

  ≤ 48

126 (81.3)

204 (84.7)

1.3(0.7–2.2)

0.382

  > 48

29 (18.7)

37 (15.4)

1

 

Time of right lower quadrant pain before presentation (hours)

  ≤ 12

67 (43.2)

107 (44.4)

1.1(0.7–1.6)

0.820

  > 12

88 (56.8)

134 (55.6)

1

 

Nausea or vomiting

 Yes

64 (41.3)

141 (58.5)

2.0(1.3–3.0)

 

 No

91 (58.7)

100 (41.5)

1

< 0.001

Aggravation of pain by cough or movement

 Yes

88 (56.8)

199 (82.6)

3.6(2.3–5.7)

 

 No

67 (43.2)

42 (17.4)

1

< 0.001

Anorexia

 Yes

118 (76.1)

164 (68.1)

0.7(0.4–1.1)

0.083

 No

37 (23.9)

77 (31.9)

1

 

Fever

 Yes

135 (87.1)

154 (63.9)

0.3(0.2–0.5)

< 0.001

 No

20 (12.9)

87 (36.1)

  

Bowel sound

 Increase

20 (12.9)

37 (15.4)

1.4(0.8–2.5)

0.044

 Decrease

16 (10.3)

45 (18.7)

2.1(1 .1–3.9)

 

 Normal

119 (76.8)

159 (65.9)

1

 

Body temperature (°C)

  < 37.8

146 (94.2)

176 (73.0)

1

< 0.001

  ≥ 37.8

9 (5.8)

65 (26.9)

5.9 (2.8–12.4)

 

Tenderness at right lower quadrant

 Yes

137 (88.4)

240 (99.6)

31.5 (4.2–238.8)

< 0.001

 No

18 (11.6)

1 (0.4)

1

 

Rebound tenderness

 Yes

37 (23.9)

155 (64.3)

5.8(3.7–9.1)

< 0.001

 No

118 (76.1)

86 (35.7)

1

 

Guarding

 Yes

26 (16.8)

82 (34.0)

2.6(1.6–4.2)

< 0.001

 No

129 (83.2)

159 (65.9)

1

 

Laboratory results

WBC (cell/mm3)

  ≤ 10,000

55 (35.5)

26 (10.8)

1

< 0.001

  > 10,000 cell/mm3

100 (64.5)

215 (89.2)

4.6(2.7–7.7)

 

Neutrophil (%)

  ≤ 75%

80 (51.6)

54 (22.4)

1

< 0.001

  > 75%

75 (48.4)

187 (77.6)

3.7(2.4–5.8)