Table 2 Comparison of clinical outcomes by initial closure technique
From: Impact of initial temporary abdominal closure in damage control surgery: a retrospective analysis
|  | Overall (n = 239) | Skin Only (n = 138) | ABThera System (n = 36) | Bogotá Bag (n = 60) | Barker’s vacuum packing (n = 5) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcomes | ||||||
 Length of stay (days) | 28.70 ± 20.96 | 25.47 ± 16.94 | 35.67 ± 29.45 | 32.23 ± 22.38 | 25.20 ± 18.43 | 0.027 |
 ICU length of stay (days) | 22.04 ± 17.72 | 19.43 ± 15.07 | 28.58 ± 23.10 | 24.12 ± 18.80 | 18.80 ± 13.29 | 0.033 |
 Number of abdominal operations | 3.12 ± 1.77 | 2.75 ± 1.42 | 3.22 ± 1.48 | 3.80 ± 2.23 | 5.80 ± 8.01 | 0.001 |
 Time to abdominal closure (days) | 4.19 ± 4.25 | 3.35 ± 3.21 | 4.69 ± 3.89 | 5.70 ± 5.59 | 5.80 ± 8.01 | 0.002 |
 Hospital mortality (%) | 19 (7.9) | 5 (3.6) | 5 (13.9) | 9 (15.0) | 0 (0) | 0.021 |
 Achieve primary fascial closure | 221 (92.5) | 133 (96.4) | 34 (94.4) | 50 (83.3) | 4 (80.0) | 0.009 |
 Loss of abdominal domain (%) | 18 (7.5) | 5 (3.6) | 2 (5.6) | 10 (16.7) | 1 (20) | 0.009 |
 Fascial dehiscence | 12 (5.0) | 8 (5.8) | 0 (0) | 4 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 0.44 |
 Repeat bleeding | 19 (7.9) | 7 (5.1) | 2 (5.6) | 8 (13.3) | 2 (40.0) | 0.011 |
 Enterocutaneous fistula | 12 (5.0) | 4 (2.9) | 2 (5.6) | 6 (10.0) | 0 (0) | 0.19 |
 Anastomotic leak | 15 (6.3) | 8 (5.8) | 1 (2.8) | 6 (10.0) | 0 (0) | 0.47 |
 Early bowel obstruction | 10 (4.2) | 6 (4.3) | 2 (5.6) | 2 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 0.92 |
 Intra-abdominal abscess | 81 (33.9) | 45 (32.6) | 10 (27.8) | 24 (40.0) | 2 (40.0) | 0.62 |
 Wound infection | 37 (15.5) | 22 (15.9) | 2 (5.6) | 13 (21.7) | 0 (0) | 0.15 |