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Table 5 Prevalence of risk factors in those with and without complications

From: Intra-operative gallbladder scoring predicts conversion of laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy: a WSES prospective collaborative study

Risk factors

Level

Outcome

No intraoperative complications no. (%)

Intraoperative complications no. (%)

Gallbladder (GB) appearance

Adhesions covering < 50% of GB

274 (95.8%)

12 (4.2%)

Adhesions > 50% but GB visible

120 (91.6%)

11 (8.4%)

Completely buried GB

80 (92%)

7 (8%)

BMI

≦ 30

325(94.2%)

20 (5.8%)

> 30

149 (93.7%)

10 (6.3%)

Adhesions from previous surgery limiting access

No

424 (94%)

27 (6%)

Yes

50 (94.3%)

3 (5.7%)

Distended or shrivelled GB

No

260 (92.5%)

21 (7.5%)

Yes

214 (96%)

9 (4%)

Inability to grasp GB

No

330 (94.8%)

18 (5.2%)

Yes

144 (92.3%)

12 (7.7%)

Stone 1 cm impacted in Hartmann’s pouch

No

342 (95.3%)

17 (4.7%)

Yes

132 (91%)

13 (9%)

Bile or pus outside GB

No

415 (94.8%)

23 (5.2%)

Yes

59 (89.4%)

7 (10.6%)

Fistula

No

467 (94.2%)

29 (5.8%)

Yes

7 (87.5%)

1 (12.5%)