From: Outcome of trauma-related emergency laparotomies, in an era of far-reaching specialization
 | Total (n = 268) | Survived (n = 223) | Deceased (n = 45) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years, mean (± SD) | 42.5 (± 30.8) | 40.2 (± 17.8) | 50.8 (± 24.2) | 0.001 |
Male/female | 177/91 | 152/71 | 24/21 | 0.046 |
ASA classification (missing 9) | Â | Â | Â | 0.081 |
- ASA 1 | 139 | 124 | 15 | |
- ASA 2 | 83 | 66 | 17 | |
- ASA 3 | 32 | 28 | 4 | |
- ASA 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | |
Psychiatric comorbidities (missing 16) | 63 | 55 | 8 | NS |
History of abdominal surgery (missing 10) | 18 | 16 | 2 | NS |
History of diabetes (missing 10) | 17 | 12 | 5 | NS |
History of cardiac disease (missing 10) | 36 | 27 | 9 | 0.054 |
History of pulmonary disease (missing 10) | 26 | 20 | 6 | NS |
Trauma mechanism (missing = 0) | Â | Â | Â | NS |
- Fall < 3 m | 14 | 13 | 1 | |
- Fall > 3 m | 22 | 18 | 4 | |
- MVA car | 74 | 62 | 12 | |
- MVA motorcycle | 15 | 13 | 2 | |
- MVA bike | 59 | 45 | 14 | |
- MVA pedestrian | 8 | 6 | 2 | |
- Penetrating trauma | 49 | 43 | 6 | |
- Gunshot wound | 9 | 9 | 0 | |
- Crush injury | 7 | 5 | 2 | |
- Other | 11 | 9 | 2 | |
Suicide attempt | 44 | 38 | 6 | NS |
ISS, mean (± SD) | 27.5 (± 14.9) | 25.2 (± 13.8) | 38.7 (± 15.8) | <0.001 |
AIS regions | Â | Â | Â | Â |
- AIS head | 1.07 (± 1.6) | 0.9 (± 1.5) | 1.8 (± 2.0) | 0.006 |
- AIS face | 0.27 (± 0.7) | 0.3 (± 0.7) | 0.3 (± 0.8) | NS |
- AIS chest | 2.24 (± 1.8) | 2.1 (± 1.8) | 3.1 (± 1.6) | 0.001 |
- AIS abdomen | 2.74 (± 1.5) | 2.7 (± 1.5) | 3.0 (± 1.8) | NS |
- AIS extremities | 1.55 (± 1.6) | 1.4 (± 1.6) | 2.1 (± 1.6) | 0.015 |
- AIS external | 0.81 (± 0.8) | 0.8 (± 0.8) | 0.9 (± 1.0) | NS |
Glasgow Coma Scale, mean (± SD) | 10.5 (± 5.3) | 12.5 (± 4.1) | 4.5 (± 3.6) | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 108 (± 33) | 114 (± 27) | 77 (± 40) | <0.001 |
Hemoglobin (mmol/ml) | 7.28 (± 1.9) | 7.7 (± 1.7) | 5.1 (± 1.8) | <0.001 |
pH | 7.26 (± 0.17) | 7.32 (± 0.12) | 7.05 (± 0.19) | <0.001 |
Base deficit | 5.8 (± 7.6) | 3.7 (± 5.9) | 15.4 (± 7.3) | <0.001 |