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Table 5 Factors associated with postoperative mortality

From: Predictors of mortality following emergency open colectomy for ischemic colitis: a single-center experience

Variables

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

In-hospital postoperative mortality

Odds ratio (95%CI)

p value

Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI)

p value

Age > 75 years [n (%)]

27 (79.4)

2.23 (0.83–5.96)

0.163

  

Age > 80 years [n (%)]

14 (77.8)

1.71 (0.51–5.75)

0.571

  

Age, years (per unit increase)

NA

1.02 (0.99–1.06)

0.098

1.03 (0.98–1.09)

0.157

Female [n (%)]

44 (71)

1.28 (0.51–3.18)

0.641

  

ASA score > III [n (%)]

21 (80.8)

2.29 (0.76–6.84)

0.211

  

Pancolic ischemia [n (%)]

35 (70)

1.08 (0.45–2.61)

1

  

Obesity [n (%)]

7 (63.6)

1.32 (0.35–4.92)

0.733

  

BMI (per unit increase)

NA

1.01 (0.92–1.12)

0.696

  

Hypoalbuminemia (< 3.5 g/dL) [n (%)]

4 (80)

1.83 (0.19–17.18)

1

  

Lactates > 2.5 mmol/L [n (%)]

56 (76.7)

4.39 (1.58–12.18)

0.006

11.85 (1.6485.17)

0.014

Preoperative hemoglobin level (per unit increase)

NA

1 (0.83–1.20)

0.973

  

Diabetes [n (%)]

56 (71.8)

1.98 (0.65–5.97)

0.244

  

Severe coronary disease [n (%)]

50 (71.4)

1.5 (0.56–3.97)

0.449

  

COPD [n (%)]

50 (67.6)

1.44 (0.47–4.54)

0.596

  

Kidney failure [n (%)]

47 (67.1)

1.47 (0.51–4.34)

0.611

  

Hypertension [n (%)]

17 (60.7)

1.72 (0.68–4.38)

0.329

  

Smoking [n (%)]

43 (67.2)

1.35 (0.51–3.57)

0.636

  

Comorbidity > 1 [n (%)]

33 (78.6)

2.29 (0.90–5.78)

0.115

1.81 (0.33–9.9)

0.490

Time from signs/symptoms onset to surgery > 12 h [n (%)]

60 (84.5)

19.63 (6.02–63.97)

< 0.0001

34.99 (7.14171.33)

< 0.0001

Presence of aneurysmatic rupture* [n (%)]

8 (61.5)

2 (0.44–9)

0.451

  

EVAR surgery* [n (%)]

4 (44.4)

0.2 (0.038–1.03)

0.085

  

AS [n (%)]

24 (70.6)

1.11 (0.44–2.78)

1

  

Total colectomy [n (%)]

35 (70)

1.08 (0.45–2.61)

1

  

Preoperative vasopressor agents [n (%)]

47 (78.3)

3.21 (1.29–8)

0.019

2.54 (0.20–31.12)

0.466

Intraoperative vasopressor agents [n (%)]

55 (74.3)

2.89 (1.04–8)

0.037

6.37 (0.87–46.6)

0.068

Sepsis [n (%)]

32 (84.2)

3.71 (1.33–10.32)

0.012

2.31 (0.61–8.79)

0.218

Low output syndrome [n (%)]

5 (100)

1.48 (1.28–1.71)

0.125

3.83 (0.3–48.97)

0.301

Postoperative acute kidney injury [n (%)]

39 (76.5)

2.12 (0.87–5.17)

0.118

5.09 (1.1322.8)

0.033

Operative time, min (per unit increase)

NA

1 (0.99–1.01)

0.493

  

Blood loss > 500 mL [n (%)]

45 (78.9)

3.18 (1.28–7.89)

0.013

2.48 (0.68–9.05)

0.169

Open abdomen needed [n (%)]

4 (100)

1.47 (1.27–1.7)

0.172

0 (0–0)

0.999

ICMR score (per unit increase)

NA

1.37 (0.89–2.12)

0.146

2.85 (0.91–8.91)

0.072

  1. ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, AS for aortic surgery, COPD for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, EVAR endovascular aortic repair, ICMR Ischemic Colitis Mortality Risk
  2. *n = 34