Table 6 Summary of the most relevant studies in the literature on IC-related mortality following emergency colectomy
Author, year | Study design | Study time frame | Number | Mean or median age (years) | IC etiology | IC localization | IC requiring surgery (by procedure) | IC mortality | Risk factors for IC mortality | Survival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aday et al., 2018 | Retrospective single-center study | 2012–2016 | 275 | 62 | Cardiovascular surgery | NA | Overall, 5% EVAR, 28.5% open surgery, 71.5% | nrAAA, 62.5% rAAA, 83% | NA | NA |
Gilshtein et al., 2018 | Retrospective single-center study | 2011–2016 | 63 | 72.5 | NA | NA | Overall, 19% | 50% | - Older age - Comorbidities (chronic renal disease, ischemic heart disease) - Higher lactate level | NA |
Noh et al., 2015 | Retrospective single-center study | 2003–2011 | 50 | 68 | Medical causes | Right colon, 22% Left colon, 66% Transverse colon, 6% Pancolic, 6% | 100% | 30% | - History of cardiovascular surgery - Delay to surgery ≥ 3 days | NA |
Genstorfer et al., 2014 | Retrospective single-center study | 2004–2010 | 100 | 74 | Aortic surgery, 16% Cardiac surgery, 17% | Right colon, 33% Left colon, 40% Pancolic, 27% | 100% | 54% | - Right colon ischemia - Pancolic ischemia - Decrease preoperative pH - Prior cardiac/aortic surgery | NA |
Moszkowicz et al., 2014 | Retrospective single-center study | 1997–2012 | 191 | 70 | Aortic surgery, 62% Spontaneous, 38% | AS-IC: Right colon, 2% Left colon, 45% Pancolic, 53% Spontaneous IC: Right colon, 60% Left colon, 13% Pancolic, 6% | 91% | 48% | - Age older than 75 years - Multiple organ failure | NA |
Castleberry et al., 2013 | Retrospective single-center study | 2000–2009 | 115 | 64 | GI surgery, 12% Cardiovascular surgery, 26% | Right colon, 49% Pancolic, 26% | 100% | In hospital, 37% | - ASA > 4 - Preoperative lactate level - Renal failure requiring hemodialysis - Intraoperative adrenergic vasopressor use - Blood loss > 500 mL | 1 year, 43% 3 years, 33% 5 years, 27% |
Reissfelder et al., 2011 | Retrospective single-center study | 2002–2008 | 177 | 69 | NA | NA | 100% | 48% | - Non-occlusive IC - Acute renal failure - Extent of bowel ischemia - Lactate level - Duration of catecholamine therapy | NA |
Antolovic et al., 2008 | Retrospective single-center study | 2001–2004 | 85 | 68.5 | Cardiovascular surgery, 55% | Right colon, 26% Left colon, 8% Sigmoid, 5% Pancolic, 49% | 100% | 47% | - ASA >3 - Emergency surgery - Blood loss | NA |
Huguier et al., 2006 | Retrospective single-center study | 1992–1999 | 73 | 73 | NA | Pancolic, 9% | 45% | 62% | - Age < 80 years - Male gender - Absence of bleeding - Abdominal tenderness | 2 years, 88% 5 years, 68% |
Present study | Retrospective single-center study | 2008–2019 | 94 | 72 | Aortic surgery, 36.2% Other causes, 63.8% | Right colon, 4.3% Left colon, 20.2% Transverse colon, 6.4% Pancolic, 53.2% | Overall, 100% EVAR, 26.% Open surgery, 73.5% rAAA, 61.8% | In hospital/90 days, 70.2% | - Preoperative lactates level - Time interval from symptoms onset to surgery - Intraoperatory adrenergic vasopressors - Postoperative kidney failure - ICMR score | 1 year, 27.6% |