Table 1 Case series summary of ECMO in trauma
From: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in trauma patients: a systematic review
Author | Study types | Year of publish/study | Size | Gender(M/F) | Age(year, range) | Causes of trauma | Mechanism of trauma | TBI | ISS | GCS | Hospital mortalityn (%) | Cause of death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kruit N et al [9] | Retrospective study | 2019(2011–2017) | 52 | 42/10 | 33 (18-72) | Traffic accident 36 Falling 8 Assault 4 Helicopter crash 1 Speedboat crash 1 Missing data 2 | – | 19 (3 died) | 35 (6–75) | – | 6 (11.5%) | Cerebral herniation 2 Mesenteric ischemia 1 Massive hemorrhage 1 Unknown 2 |
Fenton SJ et al [10] | Retrospective study | 2019(2009–2016) | 6 | 4/2 | 4.8 (3–8) | Traffic accident 5 Crush injury 1 | Blunt chest trauma | 4 | 36 (27–40) | 3 | 1 (16.7%) | Large right-sided ischemic cerebrovascular accident |
Lang NW et al [11] | Retrospective study | 2019(2002–2016) | 18 | 11/7 | 29.5 (1-64) | Traffic Accident 10 Falling 4 Stab 2 Other 2 | Blunt polytrauma | 5 | 34.5 (16–50) | 6.6 ± 4.8(3–15) | 12 (66.6%) | MOF, sepsis, hypoxic cerebral edema |
Menaker J et al [12] | Retrospective study | 2018(2015–2016) | 18 | 15/3 | 28.5 (24-43) | blunt mechanism 12 missing data 6 | – | – | 27 (21–41) | – | 4 (22%) | Shock and coagulopathy 3, primary neurologic injury 1 |
Wu MY et al [13] | Retrospective study | 2018(2006–2014) | 36 | 31/5 | 36 (27–49) | Traffic accident 24 Falling 5 Burn 3 Stab 1 Electrocution 1 Near-drowning 1 Compressing injury 1 | – | 4 (3 died) | 29 (19–45) | – | 15 (41.7%) | - |
Strumwasser A et al [6] | Retrospective study | 2018(2016–2017) | 7 | 7/0 | 41 ± 15 ( 23–63 ) | Traffic accident 5 Gunshot 2 | Blunt polytrauma 5Open trauma 2 | 0 | 32.5 ± 14.1 (16–54) | – | 5 (71.4%) | Multisystem organ failure and “comfort measures only" |
Ull C et al [14] | Retrospective study | 2017(2008–2014) | 49 | 44/5 | 49.9 (16.6–86.2) | – | – | – | 32 (4–66) | – | 17 (34.7%) | - |
Kim HS et al [15] | Retrospective study | 2017(2007–2015) | 9 | 8/1 | 48.0 (20.5–62.0) | Traffic accident 4 Gunshot 1 Crush injury 2 Falling 2 | – | – | – | – | 1 (11.1%) | – |
Ahmad SB et al [16] | Retrospective study | 2017(2006–2015) | 39 | 29/10 | Mean 28 Survivors 35 (25–45) Nonsurvivors 27 ( 22–42) | Traffic accident 26 Falling 3 Gunshot 6 Stab 1 Impalement 1 Near-drowning 1 Crush injury 1 | Blunt polytrauma 31 Penetrating trauma 8 | 11 | Mean 29 Survivors 25 (18–32) Nonsurvivors 41 (26–50) | – | 22 (56%) | Cardiorespiratory arrest 10 Brain death 1 Died after withdrawal of care 11 |
Chen TH et al [17] | Retrospective study | 2016(2009–2012) | 7 | 6/1 | 31 (21–49) | Traffic Accident 5 Falling 2 | Blunt chest trauma | 4 | 36 (27–57) | – | 3 (43.8%) | Irreversible brain damage with vasodilatory shock; Septic shock with MOF |
Bosarge PL et al [18] | Retrospective study | 2016(2013–2014) | 15 | 15/0 | 36 (25–47) | – | Severe TBI | 2 | 26.0 (17.0–34.0) | – | 2 (13.3%) | Hypoxia |
Jacobs JV et al [19] | Retrospective study | 2015(1998–2014) | 85 | 71/14 | 28.9 ± 1.1 | – | Blunt chest trauma | 14 | – | – | 22 (25.9%) | – |
Guirand DM et al [20] | Retrospective study | 2014(2001–2009) | 26 | 20/6 | 33.0 (16–55 ) | – | Blunt trauma 21 | – | 29.0 (12.4) | – | 11 (42%) | – |
Bonacchi M et al [21] | Retrospective study | 2013(2008–2012) | 18 | 12/6 | 46.3 ± 17.6 (15-69) | Traffic Accident 15 Falling 2 Crash 1 | Blunt polytrauma | 7 | 53 ± 17 (18–75) | – | 13 (72.2%) | ECMO failure 4 septic MOF 2 cerebral death 7 |
Biderman P et al [22] | Retrospective study | 2013(2006–2011) | 10 | 6/4 | 29.8 ± 7.7 (19–42) | Traffic accident 6 Falling 2 Bombing 1 pedestrian injury 1 | Blunt polytrauma 9 Cardiac perforation 1 | 7 (1 died) | 50.3 ± 10.5(29–57) | – | 3 (30%) | Septic 2 Cardiogenic shock 1 |
Ried M et al [23] | Retrospective study | 2013(2002–2012) | 52 | 49/3 | 32 ± 14 (16–72) | Traffic accident 38 Blast injury 9 Falling 4 Blunt trauma 1 | Blunt chest trauma 40 | 30 | 58.9 ± 10.5 | – | 11 (21%) | Multiorgan failure 9 Fulminant bleeding 1 Cerebral hypoxia and bleeding 1 |
Cordell-Smith JA et al [24] | retrospective study | 2006(1992–2002) | 28 | 24/4 | 27 (18–49) | Traffic accident 24 Sporting accidents 2 Extensive crush 2 | Blunt polytrauma | – | 18 | – | 8 (28.6%) | Irreversible cardiogenic failure 4 Sepsis 4 |
Fortenberry JD et al [25] | Retrospective study | 2003(1991–2001) | 8 | NA | 12.5 (21 months—29 years)Pediatric 4 (21 months—19 years) | Traffic accident 7 Gunshot 1 | Blunt polytrauma 7 Penetrating 1 | 2 | – | – | 2 (25%)Pediatric1, adult 1 | Pulmonary fat emboli and necrotic lung tissue 1 Severe pulmonary hypertension 1 |
Senunas LE et al [26] | Retrospective study | 1997(1988–1994) | 14 | 4/10 | 19 (5–47) | Traffic accident 14 | Orthopaedic trauma (severe pulmonary compromise) | - | 19 (9-29) | 14 | 6 (42.9% Children 4 Adult 2) | Bleeding 5ARF 1 |
Robba C et al [27] | Case report | 2017 (2000–2016) | 4 | 4/0 | 31,58,36,54 | Traffic accident 2 Falling 2 | Blunt trauma | 2 | 25,41,50,50 | 15, 6, 15, 3 | 1 (25%) | Malignant intracranial hypertension |
Amos T et al [28] | Case report | 2019 | 1 | 1/0 | 21 | Traffic accident | Thoracic compartment syndrome | 0 | – | 3 | 0 | – |
Matsumoto S et al [29] | Case report | 2019 | 1 | 0/1 | 64 | Traffic accident | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Puzio TJ et al [30] | Case report | 2019 | 1 | 1/0 | 2.5 | Dog bite injury | Severe head, neck, and facial injuries | 1 | – | 3 | 0 | – |
Ogawa F et al [31] | Case report | 2019 | 1 | 1/0 | 32 | Traffic accident | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | 33 | – | 0 | – |
Lorini FL et al [32] | Case report | 2019 | 1 | 1/0 | 21 | Hit by rolled rock | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Wang FY et al [33] | Case report | 2019 | 1 | 1/0 | 47 | Compressing | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Moon SH et al [34] | Case report | 2018 | 1 | 0/1 | 26 | Traffic accident | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Chico Carballas JI et al [35] | Case report | 2018 | 1 | 1/0 | 26 | Traffic accident | Brain trauma | 1 | 25 | 4 | 0 | – |
Yuan KC et al [36] | Case report | 2008 | 2 | 2/0 | 18,38 | Traffic crash | Blunt chest trauma | 1 | – | – | 0 | – |
Yoann L et al [37] | Case report | 2013 | 1 | 0/1 | 37 | Horse riding accident | Blunt chest trauma with cardiac rupture | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Louro J et al [38] | Case report | 2018 | 1 | 1/0 | 14 | Falling | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | 15 | 0 | – |
Tu Y et al [39] | Case report | 2018 | 1 | 1/0 | 24 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Lee N et al [40] | Case report | 2015 | 1 | 1/0 | 28 | Stab | Penetrating cardiac trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Stroehle M et al [41] | Case report | 2017 | 1 | 1/0 | 17 | Hit and run over by a railroad engine | Blunt polytrauma | 1 | 59 | 3 | 0 | – |
Park JM et al [42] | Case report | 2014 | 1 | 0/1 | 40 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 1 | – | 7 | 0 | – |
Skarda D et al [43] | Case report | 2012 | 3 | 2/1 | 17,8,15 | Traffic accident 2 Gunshot 1 | Blunt polytraum 2 Perforation trauma 1 | 2 | – | 3, 14, 15 | 0 | – |
Yamada T et al [44] | Case report | 2014 | 1 | 1/0 | 56 | Falling | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | 8 | 0 | – |
Firstenberg MS et al [45] | Case report | 2012 | 1 | 1/0 | 27 | Traffic accident | Blunt chest trauma | 1 | – | – | 0 | – |
Ballouhey Q et al [46] | Case report | 2013 | 1 | 0/1 | 32-month | Traffic accident | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Campione A et al [47] | Case report | 2007 | 1 | 1/0 | 14 | Go-cart race | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Issa N et al [48] | Case report | 2011 | 1 | 1/0 | 30 | Traffic accident | Fractures, splenic injury,cardiorespiratory arrest | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Rosenthal A et al [49] | Case report | 2009 | 1 | 1/0 | 42 | Gunshot | Open chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Tunney R et al [50] | Case report | 2018 | 1 | 1/0 | 19 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Chauhan A et al [51] | Case report | 2014 | 1 | 0/1 | 18 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Bassi E et al [52] | Case report | 2011 | 1 | 1/0 | 48 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 1 | – | 3 | 1(100%) | extensive brain infarction |
Filippini S et al [53] | Case report | 2013 | 1 | 1/0 | 25 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Wen PH et al [54] | Case report | 2015 | 1 | 1/0 | 19 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | 8 | 0 | – |
Madershahian N et al [55] | Case report | 2007 | 3 | 2/1 | 19,48,26 | Traffic accident 2 Falling 1 | Blunt polytrauma | 1 | – | 4, 12, 4 | 0 | – |
Lee SK et al [56] | Case report | 2017 | 1 | 1/0 | 21 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Biscotti M et al [57] | Case report | 2015 | 2 | 2/0 | 18, 20 | Traffic accident | TBI | 2 | 27, 33 | 14, 3 | 0 | – |
Lee OJ et al [58] | Case report | 2019 | 1 | 1/0 | 10 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | 25 | – | 0 | – |
Messing JA et al [59] | Case report | 2014 | 1 | 1/0 | 21 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 1 | 38 | – | 0 | – |
Voelckel W et al [60] | Case report | 1998 | 2 | 2/0 | 29,12 | Traffic accident hit by a falling tree | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Yen TS et al [61] | Case report | 2008 | 1 | 1/0 | 21 | Traffic accident | TBI | 1 | - | 12 | 0 | – |
Muellenbach RM et al [62] | Case report | 2012 | 3 | 3/0 | 53, 16, 28 | Traffic accident Falling Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 3 | 59, 66, 66 | 4, 3, 6 | 0 | – |
Valette X et al [63] | Case report | 2011 | 1 | 1/0 | 17 | Traffic accident | Blunt chest trauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Barreda E et al [64] | Case report | 2007 | 1 | 1/0 | 28 | Gunshot | Penetrating chest trauma | 0 | – | 15 | 0 | – |
Hill JD et al [5] | Case report | 1972 | 1 | 1/0 | 24 | Traffic accident | Blunt polytrauma | 0 | – | – | 0 | – |
Total | Retrospective study 19case Report 39 | 1972–2019 | 548 | M 441F 99 | adult 34.9 ± 12.3(18–86)Child (21 months-18) | Traffic accident 254 Falling 38 Gunshot 13 Stabbing 6 | Blunt 328 Penetrating 16 Chest trauma 259 | 128 | 38.1 ± 15.0(4–75) | 7.3 ± 4.7 (3–15) | 166 (30.3%)adult (30.9%) child (19.4%) |  |