Table 1 Demographic, clinical, imaging, and histological/oncological characteristics of SFC patients operated on by ERC, LC, and SLC
From: Emergency surgery for splenic flexure cancer: results of the SFC Study Group database
Total sample (n = 90) | ERC (n = 55) | LC (n = 18) | SLC (n = 17) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic and clinical variables | |||||
Gender (M/F) [n] | 53/37 | 33/22 | 12/6 | 8/9 | 0.482 |
Age (year) [median (range)] | 71 (33-94) | 73 (38-94) | 61.5 (33-90.7) | 74.7 (43-84.3) | 0.044 |
Age > 75 (year) [n (%)] | 34 (37.8) | 22 (40) | 4 (22.2) | 8 (47.1) | 0.274 |
BMI (kg/m2) [median (range)] | 25.8 (14-34) | 25.3 (14-34) | 22 (17-32.3) | 26.1 (21-34) | 0.082 |
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) [n (%)] | 16 (17.8) | 10 (18.2) | 2 (11.1) | 4 (23.5) | 0.626 |
ASA score [n%] | 0.043 | ||||
• I-II | 42 (46.7) | 21 (38.2) | 13 (72.2) | 8 (47.1) | |
• III-IV | 48 (53.3) | 34 (61.8) | 5 (27.8) | 9 (52.9) | |
Pre-operative leukocytes (109/L) [mean (SD)] | 10.96 (4.73) | 11.5 (5.21) | 10.99 (3.60) | 8.95 (3.48) | 0.198 |
Weight loss > 10% [n (%)] | 25 (27.8) | 16 (29.1) | 6 (33.3) | 3 (17.6) | 0.550 |
Pre-operative serum CEA (U/mL) [median (range)] | 33.65 (0.4-275.5) | 33.65 (1.10-244.7) | 54.7 (0.4-275.5) | 23 (1.4-92.9) | 0.241 |
Comorbidity (> 1) [n (%)] | 38 (42.2) | 25 (45.5) | 6 (33.3) | 7 (41.2) | 0.662 |
Diabetes [n (%)] | 14 (15.6) | 10 (18.2) | 2 (11.1) | 2 (11.8) | 0.689 |
Cardiopulmonary diseases [n (%)] | 57 (63.3) | 32 (58.2) | 12 (66.7) | 13 (76.5) | 0.372 |
Kidney failure [n (%)] | 6 (6.7) | 4 (7.3) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (5.9) | 0.958 |
Neurocognitive disorders [n (%)] | 14 (15.6) | 7 (12.7) | 2 (11.1) | 5 (29.4) | 0.213 |
Smoking [n (%)] | 30 (33.3) | 20 (36.4) | 6 (33.3) | 4 (23.5) | 0.618 |
Indication for surgery [n (%)] | 0.451 | ||||
• Colonic obstruction | 75 (83.3) | 48 (87.3) | 14 (77.8) | 13 (76.5) | |
• Colonic perforation | 15 (16.7) | 7 (12.7) | 4 (22.2) | 4 (23.5) | |
Surgical approach [n (%)] | |||||
• Laparoscopy | 17 (18.9) | 6 (10.9) | 6 (33.3) | 5 (29.4) | 0.051 |
• Open surgery | 73 (81.1) | 49 (89.1) | 12 (66.7) | 12 (70.6) | |
Previous abdominal surgery [n (%)] | |||||
• Laparoscopy | 6 (6.7) | 4 (7.3) | 0 | 2 (11.8) | 0.363 |
• Open surgery | 20 (22.2) | 11 (20) | 3 (16.7) | 6 (35.3) | 0.340 |
One- or two-stage surgery [n (%)] | 0.236 | ||||
• One-stage surgery with primary anastomosis | 70 (77.8) | 46 (83.6) | 12 (66.7) | 12 (70.6) | |
• Two-step procedure by temporary ostomy | 20 (22.2) | 9 (16.4) | 6 (33.3) | 5 (29.4) | |
Simultaneous splenectomy [n (%)] | 8 (8.9) | 5 (9.1) | 3 (16.7) | 0 | 0.222 |
Preoperative imaging assessment on CT-scan | |||||
Tumor size (largest dimension, cm) [mean (SD)] | 4.44 (2.01) | 4.24 (1.67) | 5.55 (2.92) | 3.93 (1.46) | 0.070 |
Peri-colic nodal involvement [n (%)] | 40 (44.4) | 21 (38.2) | 9 (50) | 10 (58.8) | 0.283 |
Patients with suspected extra-colic organs involved [n (%)] | 5 (5.6) | 0 | 5 (27.8) | 0 | < 0.0001 |
Suspected synchronous metastasis [n (%)] | 16 (17.8) | 11 (20) | 2 (11.1) | 3 (17.6) | 0.693 |
Histological/oncological variables | |||||
Stage of disease AJCC [n (%)] | 0.490 | ||||
• I | 5 (5.6) | 5 (9.1) | 0 | 0 | |
• II | 34 (37.8) | 21 (38.2) | 8 (44.4) | 5 (29.4) | |
• III | 40 (44.4) | 22 (40) | 9 (50) | 9 (52.9) | |
• IVa | 11 (12.2) | 7 (12.7) | 1 (5.6) | 3 (17.6) | |
Vascular invasion [n (%)] | 27 (30) | 15 (27.3) | 6 (33.3) | 6 (35.3) | 0.772 |
Lymphatic invasion [n (%)] | 33 (36.7) | 17 (30.9) | 8 (44.4) | 8 (47.1) | 0.360 |
Perineural invasion [n (%)] | 24 (26.7) | 11 (20) | 9 (50) | 4 (23.5) | 0.042 |
Tumor size-largest dimension (cm) [mean (SD)] | 4.6 (1.73) | 4.56 (1.94) | 5.19 (1.35) | 4.07 (1.19) | 0.039 |
Tumor grade [n (%)] | 0.024 | ||||
• Well differentiated | 26 (28.9) | 21 (38.2) | 3 (16.7) | 2 (11.8) | |
• Moderately differentiated | 48 (53.3) | 22 (40) | 12 (66.7) | 14 (82.4) | |
• Poorly differentiated | 16 (17.8) | 12 (21.8) | 3 (16.7) | 1 (5.9) | |
Adjuvant treatment [n (%)] | 44 (48.9) | 24 (43.6) | 11 (61.1) | 9 (52.9) | 0.408 |