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Table 1 Relation of patient and disease characteristics with mortality

From: Outcome of necrotizing fasciitis and Fournier's gangrene with and without hyperbaric oxygen therapy: a retrospective analysis over 10 years

Characteristic

Total, n (%)

Mortality, n (%)

Yes

No

Pa

 

192 (100)

53 (27.6)

139 (72.4)

 

Sex

 Male

127 (66.1)

34 (64.2)

93 (66.9)

0.718

 Female

65 (33.9)

19 (35.8)

46 (33.1)

 

Age (years)

 Mean (SD)

61.2 (15.1)

65.7 (14.1)

59.5 (15.2)

0.006

  < 60

87 (45.3)

15 (28.3)

72 (51.8)

0.003

  ≥ 60

105 (54.7)

38 (71.7)

67 (48.2)

 

Diagnosis

 Necrotizing fasciitis

153 (79.7)

44 (83.0)

109 (78.4)

0.479

 Fournier's gangrene

39 (20.3)

9 (17.0)

30 (21.6)

 

Localization

 Lower extremity

137 (71.4)

39 (73.6)

98 (70.5)

0.673

 Genital/perineal/gluteal

74 (38.5)

24 (45.3)

50 (36.0)

0.236

 Trunk

40 (20.8)

14 (26.4)

26 (18.7)

0.240

 Retroperitonealb

4 (2.1)

3 (5.7)

1 (0.7)

0.065

 Upper extremityb

10 (5.2)

3 (5.7)

7 (5.0)

1.000

 Head/neck

1 (0.5)

1 (100.0)

0 (0.0)

n.d

 Multiple localizations

56 (29.2)

23 (43.4)

33 (23.7)

0.007

Initial signs and symptoms

 Sepsis at admission

132 (68.8)

41 (77.4)

91 (65.5)

0.112

 Positive blood culturec

69 (44.8)

30 (65.2)

39 (36.1)

0.001

 Leucocyte count, mean (SD)

18.4 (8.3)

19.3 (9.8)

18.0 (7.7)

0.454

 CRP, mean (SD)

259.4 (138.4)

236.7 (141.0)

268.3 (136.8)

0.156

 LRINECd, mean (SD)

7.1 (2.8)

7.3 (2.9)

7.1 (2.8)

0.556

 Modified LRINECe, mean (SD)

10.2 (3.3)

10.4 (3.4)

10.2 (3.3)

0.754

Comorbidities

 Number, mean (SD)

2.8 (1.6)

3.0 (1.5)

2.7 (1.6)

0.206

  < 3

95 (49.5)

20 (37.7)

75 (54.0)

0.044

  ≥ 3

97 (50.5)

33 (62.3)

64 (46.0)

 

 Diabetes mellitus

93 (48.4)

27 (50.9)

66 (47.5)

0.668

 Vascular diseasesf

58 (30.2)

16 (30.2)

42 (30.2)

0.997

 Renal diseases

52 (27.1)

16 (30.2)

36 (25.9)

0.550

 Cardiac diseases

75 (39.1)

25 (47.2)

50 (36.0)

0.155

 Liver diseases

32 (16.7)

15 (28.3)

17 (12.2)

0.008

 Arterial hypertension

115 (59.9)

26 (49.1)

89 (64.0)

0.058

 History of stroke

15 (7.8)

5 (9.4)

10 (7.2)

0.605

 Alcohol abuse

29 (15.1)

8 (15.1)

21 (15.1)

0.998

 Substance abuse (i.v.)b

10 (5.2)

5 (9.4)

5 (3.6)

0.142

 Psychiatric diseasesb

17 (8.9)

2 (3.8)

15 (10.8)

0.161

 Malignant diseases

29 (15.1)

12 (22.6)

17 (12.2)

0.072

 Immunosuppression

28 (14.6)

12 (22.6)

16 (11.5)

0.051

  1. For calculation of percentages, the number of patients in each column (i.e., in the total cohort and in subgroups with and without mortality) was set to 100%
  2. CRP C-reactive protein, i.v. intravenous, n.d. not determined, SD standard deviation
  3. aCharacteristics of subgroups with and without mortality were compared with Chi-squared test for categorical variables, with Mann-Whitney-U test for continuous variables in two categories and with Kruskal-Wallis test for linear variables in three categories. Significant differences are highlighted in bold
  4. bExact Fisher-t-test
  5. cBlood cultures were taken before initiation of antibiotics
  6. dLRINEC: Laboratory Risk Indicator for NECrotizing fasciitis
  7. eThe modified LRINEC could be calculated in 131 participants (n = 61: missing data)
  8. fVascular diseases comprised peripheral arterial occlusive disease, chronic venous insufficiency, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
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World Journal of Emergency Surgery

ISSN: 1749-7922