Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Study design | Setting | Included criteria | VHA device | VHA/total sample size | Transfusion algorithm, VHA versus control group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baksaas-Aasen [29] | Multi-center, randomized controlled trial | Seven major trauma centers in Europe | Adult trauma patients, presented with clinical signs of bleeding, activating the local MHP and if RBCs transfusion had been initiated | TEG 6S or ROTEM | 201/396 | TEG or ROTEM versus CCT |
Cochrane [20] | Single-center, before-after study | A level I trauma center in the UK | Major hemorrhage protocol activation, with suspicion of significant active bleeding, and blood transfusion commenced | TEG 6S | 175/301 | Post-TEG versus pre-TEG (CCT-based) |
Campbell  [21] | Single-center, before-after study | A trauma center in Southeast Queensland, Australia | Adult trauma patients (≥ 18 years or older), ISS ≥ 12, and received blood products | ROTEM | 77/110 | Post-ROTEM versus pre-ROTEM |
Unruh [22] | Single-center, before-after study | A level I trauma center in Wichita, KS, USA | All trauma patients who underwent MTP activation | TEG 5000 | 47/67 | Post-TEG versus pre-TEG (CCT-based) |
Wang [23] | Single-center, retrospective study | A level I trauma center in Fort Worth, Texas, USA | Patients who sustained traumatic liver and/or spleen injuries and received any types of blood products within the first 24Â h of hospital arrival | TEG | 86/166 | TEG versus non-TEG |
Mohamed [24] | Single-center, before-after study | A level I trauma center in Flint, MI, USA | Aged 15 years or older with an ISS of ≥ 15, and transfused within the first 24 h of presentation | TEG | 47/134 | Post-TEG versus pre-TEG |
Gonzalez [28] | Single-center, randomized controlled trial | A level I trauma center in Denver, USA | Injured patients at least 18 years of age that met criteria for MTP activation upon ED arrival | TEG 5000 | 56/111 | TEG versus CCT |
Yin [25] | Single-center, before-after study | The ED in Nanjing, China | Older than 18 years, abdominal abbreviated injury scale ≥ 2, and requirement of 2 or more units of RBCs transfusion within 24 h of ED admission | TEG 5000 | 29/60 | Post-TEG versus pre-TEG |
Tapia [26] | Single-center, before-after study | A level I trauma center in Houston, Texas, USA | Trauma patient patients receiving 6 units or more, and 10 units or more RBCs in the first 24 h, aged ≥ 15 years | TEG | 165/289(≥ 6U RBCs); 98/163(≥ 10U RBCs) | TEG versus MTP |
Kashuk [27]Â | Single-center, before-after study | A level trauma center in Denver, Colorado, USA | Patients who received 6 or more units of blood within the first 6Â h | TEG 5000 | 34/68 | Post-TEG versus pre-TEG |