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Table 1 Descriptive statistics. Comparison by the leak of the duodenal repair

From: Risk factors for the leakage of the repair of duodenal wounds: a secondary analysis of the Panamerican Trauma Society multicenter retrospective review

 

Total

(n = 288)

No leak

(n = 230)

Leak

(n = 50)

p-value

Age (years), median (IQR)

29 (22–43)

30 (22–43)

26.5 (22–37)

0.177**

Sex

Males, n (%)

236 (81.9)

194 (81.5)

42 (84.0)

0.840*

Females, n (%)

52 (18.1)

44 (18.5)

8 (16.0)

Injury mechanism

Penetrating, n (%)

223 (77.3)

181 (76.1)

42 (84.0)

0.477*

Blunt, n (%)

65 (22.6)

57 (23.9)

8 (16.0)

SBP in the ER (mm Hg), median (IQR)

111.5 (91.5–130)

116 (96–131)

100 (80–120)

 < 0.001**

Hypotension at arrival to the ER, n (%)

47 (16.3)

31 (13.0)

16 (32.05)

 < 0.001*

Transfusion before first surgery, n (%)

126 (43.8)

100 (42.0)

26 (52.0)

0.212*

PRBC transfused (units), median (IQR)

2 (0–5)

1 (0–5)

2 (0–5)

0.277**

Massive transfusion, n (%)

64 (22.2)

51 (21.4)

13 (26.0)

0.460*

ISS, median (IQR)

20 (16–26)

18 (16–25)

25 (17–26)

0.011**

Abdominal AIS, median (IQR)

3 (3–4)

3 (2–4)

4 (3–4)

 < 0.001**

Duodenal AAST grade, median (IQR)

3 (3–3)

3 (2–3)

3 (3–3)

0.248**

Duodenal AAST grade 3, n (%)

180 (62.5)

139 (58.4)

41 (82.0)

0.002*

Associated intraabdominal injuries

None, n (%)

28 (9.7)

24 (10.1)

4 (8.0)

0.797*

Liver, n (%)

119 (41.3)

95 (39.9)

24 (48.0)

0.344*

Colon, n (%)

102 (35.4)

84 (35.3)

18 (36.0)

1.000*

Pancreas, n (%)

83 (28.8)

56 (23.5)

27 (54.0)

 < 0.001

Stomach, n (%)

67 (23.3)

50 (21.0)

17 (34.0)

0.064*

Major vascular, n (%)

59 (20.5)

51 (21.4)

8 (16.0)

0.446*

Small bowel, n (%)

47 (16.6)

40 (16.8)

7 (14.0)

0.833*

Kidney, n (%)

59 (20.5)

46 (19.3)

13 (26.0)

0.335*

Spleen, n (%)

22 (7.6)

18 (7.6)

4 (8.0)

1.000*

Surgical treatment

Primary repair, n (%)

227 (78.8)

201 (84.5)

26 (52.0)

 < 0.001*

Suture + duodenostomy, n (%)

27 (9.4)

19 (8.0)

8 (16.0)

Complex repairs, n (%)†

34 (11.8)

18 (7.6)

16 (32.0)

  1. SBP Systolic blood pressure, ER Emergency room, PRBC Packed red blood cells, IQR Interquartile range, AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale, AST American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, ISS Injury Severity Score
  2. *Fisher’s exact test
  3. **Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test
  4. †Pyloric exclusion, diverticulization, others