Table 1 Causes of appendicitis
From: Cecum cancer underlying appendicular abscess. Case report and review of literature
PRIMARY CAUSES OF APPENDICITIS |
|---|
Idiopathic lymphatic hyperplasia Fecalith obstruction |
SECONDARY CAUSES OF APPENDICITIS |
Inflammatory |
Crohn's disease |
Ulcerative Colitis |
Sarcoidosis |
Granulomatous appendicitis |
Infective |
Bacterial (Tuberculosis, Typhus, Actinomycosis, E. coli and B. fragilis, Pseudomonas, Yersinia, Eikenella corrodens infections) |
Viral (Adenovirus, Cytomegalovirus infections) |
Fungal (Aspergillosis, Histoplasmosis) |
Parasitic (Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Entamoeba histolytica infections, Ascariasis, Schistosomiasis, Cryptosporidiosis, Taeniasis) |
Neoplastic |
Primary neoplasm (Adenoma, Mucinous cystadenomas, Cystadeno-carcinomas, Carcinoid tumors, Mesenchymal tumors) |
Metastasis from other organs (stomach, lung, femal genital tract) |
Lymphoma-leukemia |
Endometriosis |
Ischemic |
Vascular occlusion for thrombosis, vasculitis |
Neurogenic |
Neural proliferations and/or increased number of endocrine cells |
Foreign body obstruction |
Small chicken and fish bones, portion of wire, nail, cherry stone, piece of glass, dislocated intrauterine contraceptive device, dislocated biliary stent |