Table 2 Subgroup analyses of the included variables

Outcome Measures

Nb of Studies [reference]

RR/MD

IC 95% Low/High

p value

Heterogeneity I² (p value)

Postoperative complications

3 [26, 38, 40]

0.31

0.18, 0.56

<0.0001

0% (0.81)

Length of hospital stay

4 [26, 37, 38, 40]

−5.20

−6.90, −3.51

<0.00001

0% (0.68)

Operative time

2 [38, 40]

53.71

−42.05, 149.48

0.27

93% (0.0001)

Reoperation

4 [26, 37, 38, 40]

0.18

0.03, 1.03

0.05

0% (0.62)

Mortality

4 [26, 37, 38, 40]

0.50

0.03, 7.32

0.61

n/a