Table 4 Type of head injury, interventions, and complications among pTBI patients
Variable | 0–4 years (n = 39) | 5–9 years (n = 33) | 10–14 years (n = 29) | 15–18 years (n = 66) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of head injury (%) | |||||
Skull fracture | 69 | 70 | 64 | 53 | 0.31 |
Brain contusion | 36.4 | 35.7 | 61.5 | 58.6 | 0.04 |
Subdural hemorrhage | 19.4 | 17.4 | 36.4 | 24.5 | 0.42 |
Epidural hemorrhage | 12.9 | 8.7 | 22.7 | 13.0 | 0.56 |
Extra axial hemorrhage | 3.4 | 12.5 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 0.58 |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 22.6 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 24.5 | 0.99 |
Intraventricular hemorrhage | 10.0 | 4.3 | 0.0 | 11.8 | 0.36 |
Intracerebral hemorrhage | 3.4 | 16.7 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 0.06 |
Pneumocephalus | 10.3 | 21.7 | 23.8 | 11.5 | 0.38 |
Brain edema | 34.4 | 23.1 | 27.3 | 33.3 | 0.75 |
Diffuse axonal injury | 9.7 | 15.4 | 14.3 | 24.1 | 0.36 |
ICP monitor insertion (%) | 20.5 | 6.1 | 10.3 | 18.2 | 0.25 |
Craniotomy/craniectomy (%) | 17.9 | 3.0 | 10.3 | 9.0 | 0.22 |
Intubation | 26 (66.7%) | 20 (60.6%) | 22 (75.9%) | 61 (92.4%) | 0.001 |
Intubation at scene | 15.4 | 15 | 41 | 61 | 0.001 |
Intubation at TRU/ED | 84.6 | 85 | 59 | 39 | 0.001 |
Hospital stay; median(range) | 7 (1–98) | 7 (1–38) | 10.5 (2–76) | 19 (1–131) | 0.001 |
ICU stay, median,(range) | 2.5 (1–39) | 2 (1–11) | 3 (1–27) | 11 (1–37) | 0.001 |
Ventilator days, median(range) | 1 (1–37) | 1 (1–6) | 1 (1–21) | 5 (1–27) | 0.001 |
Pneumonia (%) | 6.7 | 0.0 | 23.8 | 46.4 | 0.001 |
Sepsis (%) | 3.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 17.3 | 0.01 |