Table 3 General characteristics, hemodynamics parameters, surgical and resuscitation strategies, REBOA procedure-related information, and outcomes for the propensity-matched cohort

Age, median (IQR)

35.5 (25‑51.5)

36 (27‑49)

34.5 (24‑57)

0.5

0

Gender [female], n (%)

32 (24.2%)

17 (25.7%)

15 (22.7%)

0.6

0

Trauma mechanism

0.1

0

Blunt, n (%)

82 (62.1%)

37 (56%)

45 (68.1%)

Penetrating, n (%)

50 (37.9%)

29 (44%)

21 (31.9%)

ISS, median (IQR)

32 (25‑48)

32 (25‑48)

32.5 (25‑45)

0.7

Pre-hosp CPR, n (%)

4/129 (3.1%)

1/64 (1.5%)

3/65 (4.6)

0.6

3

CPR on arrival, n (%)

3 (2.3%)

1 (1.5%)

2 (3%)

1

0

Admission SBP

0.1

0

Not measurable

16 (12.1%)

9 (13.6%)

7 (10.6%)

< 50

16 (12.1%)

9 (13.6%)

7 (10.6%)

50‑80

80 (60.6%)

39 (59.1%)

41 (62.1%)

80‑100

9 (6.8%)

7 (10.6%)

2 (3%)

> 100

11 (8.3%)

2 (3%)

9 (13.6%)

Admission HR

0.01

3

< 50

5/129 (3.8%)

4/65 (6.15%)

1/64 (1.5%)

50‑100

24/129 (18.6%)

12/65 (18.4%)

12/64 (18.7%)

100‑120

37/129 (28.6%)

25/65 (38.4%)

12/64 (18.7%)

> 120

63/129 (48.8%)

24/65 (36.9%)

39/64 (60.9%)

Admission HR ≥ 100, n (%)

100/129 (77.5%)

49/65 (75.3%)

51/64 (79.6%)

0.5

3

Arrhythmia on admission, n (%)

18/115 (15.6%)

7/66 (10.6%)

22/49 (22.4%)

0.08

17

Pupilary response, n (%)

115 (87.1%)

59 (89.3%)

56 (84.8%)

0.4

0

Admission INR, median (IQR)

1.36 (1.2‑1.6)

1.37 (1.23‑1.62)

1.35 (1.2‑1.6)

0.3

53

Admission pH, median (IQR)

7.19 (7.03‑7.28)

7.21 (7.03‑7.28)

7.19 (7‑7.27)

0.9

22

Admission lactate, median (IQR)

6.8 (4‑10.8)

5.8 (4.3‑10.8)

7.2 (4‑10.4)

0.4

33

PRBCs in first 24 h, median (IQR)

7 (4‑10)

6 (4‑10)

8 (4‑12)

0.3

0

FFP in first 24 h, median (IQR)

5 (2‑10)

6 (3‑9)

5 (2‑10)

0.4

4

Platelets in first 24 h, median (IQR)

2 (0‑6)

6 (0‑10)

2 (0‑4)

0.1

17

Laparotomy, n (%)

88/130 (67.7%)

45/65 (69.2%)

43/65 (66.1%)

0.7

2

Pelvic surgery, n (%)

22/121 (18.2%)

9/66 (13.6%)

13/55 (23.6%)

0.1

11

Embolization, n (%)

14/122 (11.4%)

2/66 (3%)

12/56 (21.4%)

0.001

10

REBOA procedure

Access location

0.09

ER, n (%)

59 (44.7%)

24 (36.3%)

35 (53%)

OR, n (%)

71 (53.8%)

41 (62.1%)

30 (45.4%)

Angio, n (%)

2 (1.5%)

1 (1.5%)

1 (1.5%)

Access technique

< 0.001

1

Blind, n (%)

48/131 (36.6%)

12/66 (18.1%)

36/65 (55.3%)

US guided, n (%)

38/131 (29%)

15/66 (22.7%)

23/65 (35.4%)

Cut down, n (%)

43/131 (32.8%)

38/66 (57.5%)

5/65 (7.6%)

Fluoroscopy, n (%)

2/131 (1.5%)

1/66 (1.5%)

1/65 (1.5%)

Primary performer

0.001

11

Vascular surgeon, n (%)

18/121 (14.9%)

14/64 (21.8%)

4/57 (7%)

Radiologist, n (%)

7/121 (5.8%)

1/64 (1.5%)

6/57 (10.5%)

ER physician, n (%)

7/121 (5.8%)

6/64 (9.3%)

1/57 (1.7%)

Trauma surgeon, n (%)

82/121 (67.7%)

40/64 (62.5%)

42/57 (73.6%)

General surgeon, n (%)

3/121 (2.4%)

3/64 (4.6%)

0/57 (0%)

Anesthesiologist, n (%)

3/121 (2.5%)

0/64 (0%)

3/57 (5.2%)

Resident/fellow, n (%)

1 (2.5%)

0/64 (0%)

1/57 (1.7%)

SBP at REBOA initiation, median (IQR)

60 (40‑70)

50 (32‑65)

63 (50‑80)

< 0.001

6

Zone of occlusion

0.1

0

Zone I, n (%)

98 (74.2%)

53 (80.3%)

45 (68.1%)

Zone II, n (%)

3 (2.2%)

2 (3%)

1 (1.5%)

Zone III, n (%)

31 (23.4%)

11 (16.7%)

20 (30.3%)

Confirmed balloon migration, n (%)

2 (1.5%)

1 (1.5%)

1 (1.5%)

1

0

Groin access complications, n (%)

16/125 (12.8%)

6/64 (9.3%)

10/61 (16.3%)

0.2

7

AKI, n (%)

21/129 (16.2%)

8/66 (12.1%)

13/63 (20.6%)

0.1

3

MODS, n (%)

54/124 (43.4%)

43/62 (69.3%)

11/62 (17.7%)

< 0.001

8

Respiratory failure, n (%)

33/125 (26.4%)

22/64 (34.4%)

11/61 (18%)

0.03

7

Sepsis, n (%)

15/125 (12%)

9/64 (14%)

6/61 (9.8%)

0.4

7

Ventilator days, median (IQR)

3 (1‑9)

3,5 (1‑9)

3 (1‑9)

0.6

5

Mortality, n (%)

57 (43.1%)

31 (49.9%)

26 (39.4%)

0.3

0