Table 1 Studies reporting on urgent/emergent general surgery interventions performed with a robotic approach
From: Robotic surgery in emergency setting: 2021 WSES position paper
References | Study design | Nb. of patients | Time period | Pathology | Intervention | Robotic platform | Outcomes | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Comparative studies | ||||||||
Hosein et al. [21] | Retrospective cohort study | 131 robotic cases 719 open cases 1517 laparoscopic cases | January 2015–December 2017 | Hiatal hernia | Hiatal hernia repair | Unknown | Perioperative outcomes | Trend towards better outcomes in minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopic and robotic) as compared to open approach |
Kubat et al. [22] | Retrospective cohort study | 76 robotic (elective) cases 74 robotic (urgent) cases | May 2001–August 2013 | Acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, severe chronic cholecystitis | Robotic single-site cholecystectomy | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Si™ | Perioperative outcomes and learning curve | Robotic single-site cholecystectomy is safe and can be applied to urgent and elective settings with acceptable perioperative outcomes. Learning curve of 50 cases |
Robinson et al. [12] | Retrospective cohort study | 4 robotic cases 0 laparoscopic cases | 2015–2019 | Perforated gastrojejunal ulcers following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery | Repairs of perforated gastrojejunal ulcers | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Si™/Xi™ | Perioperative outcomes | Outcomes are non-inferior to laparoscopy with the use of the robot. In-room-to-surgery time is reduced in the robotic group. Costs are greater in the robotic group |
Anderson et al. [9] | Retrospective cohort study on a prospective database | 6 robotic cases 13 laparoscopic cases | February 2015–February 2017 | Severe acute ulcerative colitis | Subtotal colectomy | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Xi™ | Feasibility and perioperative outcomes | Robotic subtotal colectomy has similar perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic subtotal colectomy |
Case series and case reports | ||||||||
Kudsi et al. [25] | Case series | 34 robotic cases | February 2013–November 2019 | Ventral hernia | Robotic ventral hernia repair | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci™ | Perioperative outcomes and mid-term follow-up | Robotic ventral hernia repair is effective in the emergency setting |
Ceccarelli et al. [21] | Case series | 3 robotic cases | December 2009–December 2019 | Giant hiatal hernia | Hernia repair ± fundoplication | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Xi™ | Perioperative outcomes | Uneventful postoperative course in patients, one patient developed an antrum stenosis due to preoperative mucosal ischemia |
Milone et al. [23] | Case series | 3 robotic cases | 2019 | Moderate acute calculous cholecystitis | Robotic cholecystectomy | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Si™ | Perioperative outcomes | Uneventful postoperative course |
Sudan et al. [24] | Case report | Robotic cases | 2001 | Complications of biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch | Robotic strictureplasty Robotic suture of duodenal stump | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Si™ | Perioperative outcomes | Uneventful postoperative course |
Felli et al. [10] | Case report | 1 robotic case | 2014 | Hemorrhagic right colon cancer | Robotic right colectomy with double-barreled ileocolostomy | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Si™ | Perioperative outcomes | Uneventful postoperative course. At 5 months of follow-up, no recurrence was noted |
Pedraza et al. [19] | Case report | 1 robotic case | 2001 | Iatrogenic colonoscopy perforation | Robotic colorrhaphy | Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Si™ | Perioperative outcomes | Uneventful postoperative course |