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Table 6 The comparison of symptoms and risk factors during two analyzed periods

From: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy complicated by liver rupture or hematoma: a systematic review of 391 reported cases

Variable

Period (y)

N (%)

χ2

P

Upper abdominal pain

≤ 1990

63 (85.1)

0.226

0.634

 

> 1990

246 (82.8)

  

Shoulder pain

≤ 1990

13 (17.6)

1.505

0.220

 

> 1990

36 (12.2)

  

Nausea/vomiting

≤ 1990

16 (21.6)

0.403

0.526

 

> 1990

74 (25.2)

  

Distended abdomen

≤ 1990

11 (15.1)

0.098

0.754

 

> 1990

40 (13.7)

  

Right lobe involvement

≤ 1990

48 (72.7)

1.228*

0.541

 

> 1990

157 (70.4)

  

Left lobe involvement

≤ 1990

6 (9.1)

  
 

> 1990

14 (6.3)

  

Both lobes involvement

≤ 1990

12 (18.2)

  
 

> 1990

52 (23.3)

  

Liver hematoma/ rupture

≤ 1990

54 (70.1)

0.303

0.582

 

> 1990

230 (73.2)

  

Hypertension

≤ 1990

57 (95.0)

5.058

0.025

 

> 1990

217 (83.8)

  

Preeclampsia

≤ 1990

58 (92.1)

17.428

< 0.001

 

> 1990

182 (65.5)

  

Eclampsia

≤ 1990

7 (11.1)

0.382

0.537

 

> 1990

24 (8.6)

  

HELLP syndrome

≤ 1990

15 (31.9)

88.749

< 0.001

 

> 1990

252 (89.7)

  

Hemodynamic instability

≤ 1990

55 (74.3)

5.629

0.018

 

> 1990

177 (59.4)

  

Maternal death

≤ 1990

29 (38.2)

14.129

< 0.001

 

> 1990

57 (18.2)

  
  1. χ2—Chi-square; P—statistical probability; y—year
  2. *All lobes involvement (Pearson’s chi-square)