Table 6 Challenges in clinical decision-making
Item | Mean | SD | |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sometimes the clinical scenario presented is different than the surgeon would have perceived during an independent assessment | 3.61 | 0.95 |
2 | Data are often incomplete | 3.54 | 1.00 |
3 | Patients are often informed of expected outcomes using data from aggregate patient populations without adjusting for their personalized risk profile | 3.51 | 1.06 |
4 | Recent experiences with a certain patient population or operation often affect disproportionately surgical decision-making than remote ones | 3.50 | 0.98 |
5 | Errors and mistakes are likely all along the way | 3.49 | 1.09 |
6 | Decisions must often be made before all relevant data can be retrieved | 3.44 | 1.10 |
7 | Potential outcomes are often predicted using personal beliefs rather than evidence-based guidelines | 3.38 | 1.11 |
8 | In-house calls happen often | 3.35 | 1.00 |
9 | It is often too complicated to form a complete list of all likely diagnoses, all life-threatening diagnoses, and all unlikely diagnoses that may be considered if the initial workup excludes other causes | 3.34 | 1.04 |
10 | A surgeon tends toward action when inaction may be preferable | 3.28 | 1.07 |
11 | The surgeon often falsely perceives that weaknesses and failures disproportionately affect their peers | 3.17 | 1.01 |
12 | It is often too complicated to recognize the strengths and limitations of available tests | 3.12 | 1.02 |
13 | Digital technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence) support how I take clinical decisions | 3.10 | 1.14 |