Effectiveness of intraoperative peritoneal lavage with saline in patient with intra-abdominal infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies

Study ID	Country	Type of disease^a	Type of population	Type of procedure	Irrigation volume (L)^d	Sample size	Age (year)^c		Sex (male, %)		Preoperative antibiotic (%)		Postoperative antibiotic (%)		Follow-up (day)
Study ID	Country	Type of disease^a	Type of population	Type of procedure	Irrigation volume (L)^d	Sample size	IOPL	Non-IOPL	IOPL	Non-IOPL	IOPL	Non-IOPL	IOPL	Non-IOPL	Follow-up (day)
Hunt [31]	USA	Peritonitis	Adult^b	OS	4 (2–10)	29	50 (15–84)		NR	NR	100	100	100	100	< 30
Schein et al. [32]	South Africa	Peritonitis	Adult	OS	> 5	58	54 (21–91)	51 (18–90)	51.7	55.2	100	100	100	100	30
St Peter et al. [33]	USA	PA	Child	LA	0.9 (0.5–2)	220	10.4 ± 3.8	9.7 ± 3.6	52.7	59.1	100	100	100	100	28
Snow et al. [34]	Australia	PA	Adult	LA	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	81	31.1 ± 12.7	26.4 ± 13.8	67.5	61.0	100	100	52.5	41.5	42
Sun et al. [35]	China	CA	Adult	LA	3.1 ± 0.8	260	37.9 ± 19.1	38.7 ± 18.5	56.2	54.6	NR	NR	NR	NR	< 30
Wang et al. [36]	China	AP	Adult	LA	NR	78	35.9 ± 2.2	35.6 ± 2.1	53.8	51.3	NR	NR	100	100	< 30
Sardiwalla et al. [37]	South Africa	CA	Adult^b	LA	3	86	25.7 ± 17.0	27.4 ± 11.9	45.2	65.9	NR	NR	100	100	42
Nataraja et al. [38]	Australia	CA	Child	LA	2.4 (2–5)	86	9.5 (3–16.0)	10 (4–16.0)	47.7	45.2	100	100	100	100	42
Palao et al. [39]	Spain	CA	Adult	LA	> 0.3	134	47.0 ± 18.0	43.0 ± 15.9	37.9	27.9	100	100	100	100	30
Gemici et al. [40]	Turkey	PA	Adult^b	LA	0.5	286	36.2 ± 18.6	34.5 ± 17.4	65.2	65.5	NR	NR	100	100	< 30

PA perforated appendicitis; CA complicated appendicitis; AP acute appendicitis; OS open surgery; LA: laparoscopic appendectomy; NR not report; IOPL intraoperative peritoneal lavage with saline; Non-IOPL Intraoperative peritoneal lavage with saline was not performed
^aPeritonitis: Peritoneal infection (almost diffuse infection) caused by perforation or injury to the stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, etc. Patients with diffuse fecal peritonitis, infected pancreatic necrosis, or postoperative peritonitis were not included
^bAlmost all of the patients included in the study were adults
^cData are reported as mean ± SD or median (range)

ISSN: 1749-7922